UPhando ngeMpembelelo yokuKhanya okoNgezelelweyo kwe-LED kwiSivuno eYandisa isiphumo seLethisi yeHydroponic kunye nePakchoi kwiGreenhouse eBusika.

UPhando ngeMpembelelo yokuKhanya okoNgezelelweyo kwe-LED kwiSivuno eYandisa isiphumo seLethisi yeHydroponic kunye nePakchoi kwiGreenhouse eBusika.
[Abstract] Ubusika eShanghai buhlala budibana nobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okuphantsi, kwaye ukukhula kwemifuno enamagqabi e-hydroponic kwi-greenhouse kuyacotha kwaye umjikelo wemveliso mde, ongenako ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yobonelelo lwemarike.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izibane ezongezelelweyo zezityalo ze-LED ziye zaqala ukusetyenziswa ekulinyweni kwe-greenhouse kunye nemveliso, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, ukwenza isiphene sokuba ukukhanya okuqokelelweyo kwansuku zonke kwi-greenhouse akukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhula kwezityalo xa ukukhanya kwendalo kubangelwa ukukhanya. akwanelanga.Kuvavanyo, iintlobo ezimbini zezibane ezongezelelweyo ze-LED ezinomgangatho wokukhanya ohlukeneyo zafakwa kwi-greenhouse ukwenza uvavanyo lokuhlola ukunyusa imveliso ye-lettuce ye-hydroponic kunye nesiqu esiluhlaza ebusika.Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba ezi ntlobo zimbini zezibane ze-LED zinokunyusa kakhulu ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye se-pakchoi kunye ne-lettuce.Isiphumo sokwandisa isivuno se-pakchoi sibonakaliswa ikakhulu kuphuculo lomgangatho wezivamvo jikelele ezifana nokwandiswa kwegqabi kunye nokujiya, kwaye isiphumo sokwandisa isivuno se lettuce sibonakaliswa ikakhulu ekwandeni kwenani lamagqabi kunye nomxholo owomileyo.

Ukukhanya yinxalenye eyimfuneko ekukhuleni kwezityalo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izibane ze-LED zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekulimeni nasekuveliseni kwindawo ye-greenhouse ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kweefoto zombane, i-spectrum enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende [1].Kumazwe angaphandle, ngenxa yokuqalwa kwangoko kophando olunxulumeneyo kunye nenkqubo yenkxaso evuthiweyo, imveliso yeentyatyambo ezininzi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ineendlela ezipheleleyo zokongeza ukukhanya.Ukuqokelelwa komthamo omkhulu wedatha yemveliso eyiyo ikwavumela abavelisi ukuba baqikelele ngokucacileyo umphumo wokwanda kwemveliso.Ngelo xesha, ukubuya emva kokusebenzisa inkqubo yokukhanya kwe-LED eyongezelelweyo iyavavanywa [2].Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lophando lwangoku lwasekhaya malunga nokukhanya okongeziweyo luthambekele ekukhanyeni okuncinci komgangatho kunye nokulungiswa kwe-spectral, kwaye ayinazo izicwangciso zokukhanya ezongezelelweyo ezinokusetyenziswa kwimveliso yangempela[3].Abavelisi abaninzi basekhaya baya kusebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo izisombululo zokukhanyisa ezongezelelweyo ezikhoyo zangaphandle xa besebenzisa iteknoloji yokukhanyisa ezongezelelweyo kwimveliso, kungakhathaliseki ukuba iimeko zemozulu yendawo yemveliso, iintlobo zemifuno eveliswayo, kunye neemeko zezibonelelo kunye nezixhobo.Ukongeza, ixabiso eliphezulu lezixhobo zokukhanya ezongezelelweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kudla ngokukhokelela kumsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwesivuno esisiso sesityalo kunye nembuyekezo yezoqoqosho kunye nesiphumo esilindelekileyo.Imeko yangoku enjalo ayihambelani nophuhliso kunye nokukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe bokongeza ukukhanya kunye nokwandisa imveliso kwilizwe.Ke ngoko, kuyimfuno engxamisekileyo ukubeka ngokufanelekileyo iimveliso zokukhanya ezongezelelweyo ze-LED kwindawo yokwenyani yemveliso yasekhaya, ukwandisa izicwangciso zokusetyenziswa, kunye nokuqokelela idatha efanelekileyo.

Ubusika lixesha apho imifuno enamagqabi amatsha ifunwa kakhulu.Iindawo zokuhlala eziluhlaza zinokubonelela ngemekobume efanelekileyo yokukhula kwemifuno enamagqabi ebusika kunamasimi okulima angaphandle.Nangona kunjalo, inqaku labonisa ukuba ezinye ii-greenhouses ezigugayo okanye ezingacocekanga kakuhle zine-transmittance yokukhanya engaphantsi kwe-50% ebusika. iqondo lobushushu kunye nokukhanya okuphantsi, okuchaphazela ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwezityalo.Ukukhanya kube yinto ethintela ukukhula kwemifuno ebusika [4].Ityhubhu eluhlaza efakwe kwimveliso yokwenyani isetyenziswa kuvavanyo.Inkqubo yokutyala imifuno equkuqelayo yolwelo olungekho nzulu idityaniswa ne- Signify (China) Investment Co., Ltd. iimodyuli ezimbini zokukhanya eziphezulu ze-LED ezinomlinganiselo wokukhanya oblowu.Ukutyala i-lettuce kunye ne-pakchoi, imifuno enamagqabi amabini anemfuno enkulu yemarike, ijolise ekufundeni ukonyuka kwangempela kwimveliso yemifuno ye-hydroponic yamagqabi ngokukhanyisa kwe-LED kwi-greenhouse yasebusika.

Impahla nenkqubo
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa uvavanyo

Izinto zovavanyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo yayiyilethisi kunye nemifuno ye-packchoi.Iindidi zeLethisi, iLettuce yeGreen Leaf, ivela eBeijing Dingfeng Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo ze-pakchoi, iBrilliant Green, ivela kwiHorticulture Institute yaseShanghai Academy yeSayensi yezoLimo.

Indlela yovavanyo

Uvavanyo lwenziwe kwi-Wenluo uhlobo lweglasi ye-greenhouse ye-Sunqiao isiseko se-Shanghai cube yezoLimo yoPhuhliso lwezoLimo Co., Ltd. ukusuka ngoNovemba 2019 ukuya kuFebruwari 2020. Isimbuku semijikelo emibini yovavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo lwenziwa.Umjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo wawusekupheleni kowama-2019, kwaye umjikelo wesibini wawusekuqaleni kowama-2020. Emva kokuhlwayela, izinto zokulinga zafakwa kwindawo yokukhanya kwemozulu yokwenziwa kwegumbi lokukhulisa izithombo, kwaye kwasetyenziswa ukunkcenkceshela kwamaza.Ngexesha lokunyuswa kwezithole, isisombululo sezondlo eziqhelekileyo zemifuno ye-hydroponic kunye ne-EC ye-1.5 kunye ne-pH ye-5.5 yayisetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela.Emva kokuba izithole zikhule zaba ngamagqabi ama-3 kunye nenqanaba lentliziyo eli-1, zaye zatyalwa kuhlobo lwendlela yetyhubhu eluhlaza yohlobo lwendlela yokutyala imifuno enamagqabi angenzulwanga.Emva kokutyala, umqukuqelo ongekho nzulu wokujikeleza kwesisombululo sezakha-mzimba kusetyenziswa i-EC 2 kunye ne-pH 6 isisombululo sezondlo zokunkcenkceshela imihla ngemihla.Ubuninzi bokunkcenkceshela kwaba yi-10 min kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi kunye ne-20 min kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi kumisiwe.Iqela lokulawula (akukho ncediso lokukhanya) kunye neqela lonyango (i-LED light supplement) libekwe kuvavanyo.I-CK yatyalwa kwi-glasshouse ye-greenhouse ngaphandle kwe-supplement light.I-LB: i-drw-lb Ho (200W) yayisetyenziselwa ukongeza ukukhanya emva kokutyala kwiglasi yegreenhouse.Ukuxinana kokukhanya okuguquguqukayo (PPFD) kumphezulu wecanopy yemifuno ye-hydroponic yayimalunga ne-140 μmol/(㎡·S).MB: emva kokutyala kwi-greenhouse yeglasi, i-drw-lb (200W) yayisetyenziselwa ukuncedisa ukukhanya, kwaye i-PPFD yayimalunga ne-140 μmol / (㎡·S).

Umjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo lokutyala umhla ngoNovemba 8, 2019, kwaye umhla wokutyala nguNovemba 25, 2019. Ixesha lokuncedisa ukukhanya kweqela lovavanyo ngu-6:30-17:00;umjikelo wesibini wovavanyo lokutyala umhla nguDisemba 30, 2019 Usuku, umhla wokutyala nguJanuwari 17, 2020, kwaye ixesha lokuncedisa leqela lovavanyo ngu-4:00-17:00
Kwimozulu yelanga ebusika, i-greenhouse iya kuvula i-sunroof, ifilimu yecala kunye ne-fan ye-ventilation yemihla ngemihla ukusuka kwi-6: 00-17: 00.Xa iqondo lobushushu lisezantsi ebusuku, i-greenhouse iya kuvala i-skylight, ifilimu esecaleni kunye ne-fan ngo-17: 00-6: 00 (ngosuku olulandelayo), kwaye uvule ikhethini yokufakelwa kwe-thermal kwi-greenhouse yokugcina ubushushu ebusuku.

Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha

Ubude besityalo, inani lamagqabi, kunye nobunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye zifunyenwe emva kokuvuna iindawo ezingaphezulu komhlaba zeQingjingcai kunye nelettuce.Emva kokulinganisa ubunzima obutsha, yafakwa kwi-oven kwaye yomiswa kwi-75 ℃ nge-72 h.Emva kokuphela, ubunzima obomileyo bunqunywe.Ukushisa kwi-greenhouse kunye ne-Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD, i-Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density) iqokelelwa kwaye irekhodwe yonke i-5 min nge-sensor yeqondo lokushisa (RS-GZ-N01-2) kunye ne-photosynthetically active radiation sensor (GLZ-CG).

Uhlalutyo lwedatha

Bala ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya ngokufanelekileyo (LUE, Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya ngokuSebenzayo) ngokwefomula ilandelayo:
LUE (g/mol) = isivuno semifuno kwindawo nganye/itotali yokukhanya efunyenwe yimifuno ukusuka ekutyaleni ukuya ekuvuneni
Bala isiqulatho somba owomileyo ngokwefomula ilandelayo:
Umxholo wezinto ezomileyo (%) = ubunzima obomileyo ngesityalo ngasinye / ubunzima obutsha ngesityalo ngasinye x 100%
Sebenzisa i-Excel2016 kunye ne-IBM SPSS Statistics 20 ukuhlalutya idatha kuvavanyo kunye nokuhlalutya ukubaluleka kokwahlukana.

Impahla nenkqubo
Ukukhanya kunye noBushushu

Umjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo uthathe iintsuku ezingama-46 ukusuka ekulinyweni ukuya ekuvuneni, kwaye umjikelo wesibini uthathe iintsuku ezingama-42 ukusuka ekulinyweni ukuya ekuvuneni.Ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo, iqondo lobushushu lemihla ngemihla kwi-greenhouse ubukhulu becala lalikuluhlu lwe-10-18 ℃;kumjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, ukuguquguquka kweqondo lobushushu lemihla ngemihla kwi-greenhouse kwaba nzima kakhulu kunoko kumjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo, kunye nelona qondo lobushushu lisezantsi lemihla ngemihla le-8.39 ℃ kunye nowona mgangatho wobushushu uphezulu wemihla ngemihla wama-20.23 ℃.Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bemihla ngemihla bubonise ukuthambekela kokunyuka ngokubanzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhula (umzobo 1).

Ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo, ukukhanya kwemihla ngemihla okudityanisiweyo (i-DLI) kwi-greenhouse yaguquguquka ngaphantsi kwe-14 mol/(㎡·D).Ngexesha lomjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, isixa semihla ngemihla esongezelekayo sokukhanya kwendalo kwi-greenhouse ibonise intsingiselo enyukayo iyonke, eyayiphezulu kune-8 mol/(㎡·D), kwaye elona xabiso liphezulu lavela nge-27 kaFebruwari, 2020, eyayiyi-26.1 mol. /(㎡·D).Utshintsho lwexabiso lemihla ngemihla eliqokelelweyo lokukhanya kwendalo kwi-greenhouse ngexesha lomjikelo wesibini wovavanyo wawumkhulu kunoko kumjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo (umzobo 2).Ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo, ubungakanani bokukhanya obuqokelelweyo bemihla ngemihla (isimbuku sokukhanya kwendalo kwe-DLI kunye nokukhanya okukhokelwayo kwe-DLI) yeqela lokukhanya olongezelelweyo laliphezulu kune-8 mol/(㎡·D) ixesha elininzi.Ngexesha lomjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, inani lilonke eliqokelelweyo lokukhanya lemihla ngemihla leqela lokukhanya elongezelelweyo lalingaphezulu kwe-10 mol/(㎡·D) ixesha elininzi.Iyonke imali eqokelelweyo yokukhanya okongeziweyo kumjikelo wesibini ibe ngama-31.75 mol/㎡ ngaphezulu koko kumjikelo wokuqala.

Isivuno semifuno enaMahlamvu kunye nokuSetyenziswa koMbane oKhanyayo

● Umjikelo wokuqala weziphumo zovavanyo
Ingabonwa kwi-Fig. 3 ukuba i-pakchoi eyongeziweyo ye-LED ikhula ngcono, isityalo sesityalo sidibene ngakumbi, kwaye amaqabunga makhulu kwaye akhulu kune-CK engaxhaswanga.Amagqabi e-LB kunye ne-MB pakchoi aqaqambile kwaye aluhlaza mnyama kune-CK.Ingabonwa kwi-Fig. 4 ukuba i-lettuce ene-LED yokongeza ukukhanya ikhula kangcono kune-CK ngaphandle kokukhanya okungeziweyo, inani lamagqabi liphezulu, kwaye isityalo sigcwele.

Inokubonwa kwiThebhile 1 ukuba akukho mahluko ubalulekileyo kubude besityalo, inani leqabunga, umxholo owomileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwepakchoi ephathwa ngeCK, LB kunye ne-MB, kodwa ubunzima obutsha bepakchoi obuphathwa nge-LB kunye ne-MB ngaphezulu kakhulu kune-CK;Kwakungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo kubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye phakathi kwezibane ze-LED ezimbini ezikhulayo ezinomlinganiselo wokukhanya oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunyango lwe-LB kunye ne-MB.

Inokubonwa kwitheyibhile ye-2 ukuba ukuphakama kwesityalo se-lettuce kunyango lwe-LB kwakuphezulu kakhulu kunoko kunyango lwe-CK, kodwa kwakungekho mmahluko omkhulu phakathi kwonyango lwe-LB kunye nonyango lwe-MB.Kwakukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo kwinani lamagqabi phakathi kwezonyango ezintathu, kwaye inani lamagqabi kunyango lwe-MB laliphezulu kakhulu, elaliyi-27. Ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye sonyango lwe-LB yayiphezulu, eyayiyi-101g.Kwakhona kwakukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwala maqela mabini.Kwakungekho mmahluko obalulekileyo kumxholo owomileyo phakathi kwe-CK kunye ne-LB yonyango.Umxholo we-MB wawuyi-4.24% ephezulu kune-CK kunye ne-LB yonyango.Bekukho umahluko obonakalayo kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kokukhanya phakathi konyango oluthathu.Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kunyango lwe-LB, eyayiyi-13.23 g / mol, kwaye eyona nto iphantsi yayikunyango lwe-CK, eyayiyi-10.72 g / mol.

● Umjikelo wesibini weziphumo zovavanyo

Inokubonwa kwiThebhile 3 ukuba ukuphakama kwesityalo se-Pakchoi esiphathwe nge-MB kwakuphezulu kakhulu kune-CK, kwaye kwakungekho mmahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwayo kunye nonyango lwe-LB.Inani lamagqabi e-Pakchoi aphathwe nge-LB kunye ne-MB laliphezulu kakhulu kune-CK, kodwa kwakungekho mmahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwamaqela amabini onyango olongezelelweyo lokukhanya.Bekukho umahluko omkhulu kubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye phakathi konyango oluthathu.Ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo kwi-CK yayiphantsi kakhulu kwi-47 g, kwaye unyango lwe-MB lwaluphezulu kwi-116 g.Kwakungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo kumxholo owomileyo phakathi konyango oluthathu.Kukho iiyantlukwano ezibalulekileyo ekusebenziseni amandla okukhanya.I-CK iphantsi kwi-8.74 g / mol, kwaye unyango lwe-MB luphezulu kwi-13.64 g / mol.

Inokubonwa kwiTheyibhile yesi-4 ukuba akukho mahluko ubalulekileyo kubude besityalo se lettuce phakathi konyango oluthathu.Inani lamagqabi kwi-LB kunye ne-MB yonyango yayiphezulu kakhulu kune-CK.Phakathi kwabo, inani lamagqabi e-MB laliphezulu kwi-26. Kwakungekho mmahluko obalulekileyo kwinani lamagqabi phakathi kwe-LB kunye ne-MB zonyango.Ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye samaqela amabini onyango olongezelelweyo lokukhanya lwaluphezulu kakhulu kunolo lwe-CK, kwaye ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye yayiphezulu kunyango lwe-MB, eyayiyi-133g.Kwakhona kwakukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-LB kunye nonyango lwe-MB.Kwakukho umahluko omkhulu kumxholo owomileyo phakathi kwezonyango ezintathu, kwaye umxholo owomileyo wonyango lwe-LB wawuphezulu, owawuyi-4.05%.Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya okusebenzayo kwonyango lwe-MB kuphezulu kakhulu kunonyango lwe-CK kunye ne-LB, eyi-12.67 g / mol.

Ngethuba lomjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, i-DLI iyonke yeqela lokukhanya elongezelelweyo laliphezulu kakhulu kune-DLI ngexesha elifanayo leentsuku zekholoni ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqala wokulinga (Umfanekiso 1-2), kunye nexesha lokukhanya elongezelelweyo lokukhanya okongeziweyo. iqela lonyango kumjikelo wesibini wovavanyo (4:00-00- 17:00).Xa kuthelekiswa nomjikelo wokuqala wokulinga (6:30-17:00), yanda ngeeyure ze-2.5.Ixesha lokuvuna lemijikelo emibini yePakchoi yayizintsuku ezingama-35 emva kokutyala.Ubunzima obutsha be-CK yesityalo esisodwa kwimijikelo emibini bufana.Umahluko kwisisindo esitsha kwisityalo ngasinye kwi-LB kunye nonyango lwe-MB xa kuthelekiswa ne-CK kwinqanaba lesibini lovavanyo lwalukhulu kakhulu kunomahluko wesisindo esitsha kwisityalo ngasinye xa kuthelekiswa ne-CK kwinqanaba lokuqala leemvavanyo (Itheyibhile 1, iThebhile 3).Ixesha lokuvuna lomjikelo wesibini weletisi yovavanyo yayizintsuku ezingama-42 emva kokutyala, kwaye ixesha lokuvuna lomjikelo wokuqala welettuce yovavanyo yayizintsuku ezingama-46 emva kokutyala.Inani leentsuku ze-colonization xa umjikelezo wesibini we-lettuce yokuhlola i-CK yavunwa yayingaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-4 kunomjikelezo wokuqala, kodwa ubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye ngama-1.57 ngamaxesha ovavanyo lokuqala (Itheyibhile 2 kunye neThebhile 4), kunye nokusetyenziswa kokukhanya kokukhanya kuyafana.Kuyabonakala ukuba njengoko ubushushu bufudumala ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ukukhanya kwendalo kwi-greenhouse kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe, umjikelezo wemveliso we-lettuce ufinyezwa.

Impahla nenkqubo
Imijikelezo emibini yovavanyo ngokusisiseko igubungele ubusika bonke e-Shanghai, kwaye iqela lolawulo (CK) lakwazi ukubuyisela ngokuthe ngqo imeko yemveliso ye-hydroponic eluhlaza kunye ne-lettuce kwi-greenhouse phantsi kobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokukhanya kwelanga ebusika.Iqela lovavanyo lokuncedisa ukukhanya libe nefuthe elibalulekileyo lokunyusa kwi-intuitive data index (ubunzima obutsha ngesityalo ngasinye) kwimijikelo emibini yovavanyo.Phakathi kwabo, isiphumo sokunyuka kwesivuno sePakchoi sibonakaliswe kubukhulu, umbala kunye nobukhulu bamagqabi ngaxeshanye.Kodwa i-lettuce ithambekele ekukhuliseni inani lamagqabi, kwaye ukumila kwesityalo kubonakala kugcwele.Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba ukongeza ukukhanya kunokuphucula ubunzima obutsha kunye nomgangatho wemveliso kutyalo lwezintlu ezimbini zemifuno, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa urhwebo lweemveliso zemifuno.I-Pakchoi eyongeziweyo I-red-white, i-low-blue kunye ne-red-white, i-mid-blue LED top-light modules imnyama eluhlaza kwaye iyacwebezela ngenkangeleko kunamagqabi ngaphandle kokukhanya okongeziweyo, amagqabi makhulu kwaye maninzi, kunye nendlela yokukhula lonke uhlobo lwesityalo luhlangene kwaye lunamandla.Noko ke, “i-lettuce yemosaic” yeyemifuno enamagqabi aluhlaza, yaye akukho nkqubo icacileyo yokutshintsha umbala kwinkqubo yokukhula.Ukutshintsha kombala wamagqabi akubonakali emehlweni abantu.Umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokukhanya okuluhlaza unokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi kunye ne-photosynthetic pigment synthesis, kwaye inqanda ubude be-internode.Ke ngoko, imifuno ekwiqela lokongezelela ukukhanya ithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi kumgangatho wenkangeleko.

Ngexesha lomjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, inani elipheleleyo lokukhanya okuqokelelweyo kwansuku zonke kweqela lokukhanya elongezelelweyo laliphezulu kakhulu kune-DLI ngexesha elifanayo leentsuku zekholoni ngexesha lomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo (Umfanekiso 1-2), kunye nokukhanya okongeziweyo. ixesha lomjikelo wesibini weqela lonyango lokukhanya olongezelelweyo (4: 00-17: 00), xa kuthelekiswa nomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo (6: 30-17: 00), unyuke ngeeyure ze-2.5.Ixesha lokuvuna lemijikelo emibini yePakchoi yayizintsuku ezingama-35 emva kokutyala.Ubunzima obutsha beCK kwimijikelezo emibini yayifana.Umahluko kubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye phakathi kwe-LB kunye ne-MB yonyango kunye ne-CK kwinqanaba lesibini leemvavanyo lalilikhulu kakhulu kunomahluko kubunzima obutsha kwisityalo ngasinye kunye ne-CK kwinqanaba lokuqala leemvavanyo (Itheyibhile 1 kunye neThebhile 3).Ke ngoko, ukwandisa ixesha lokongeza ukukhanya kunokukhuthaza ukonyuka kwemveliso ye-hydroponic Pakchoi elinywa ngaphakathi ebusika.Ixesha lokuvuna lomjikelo wesibini weletisi yovavanyo yayizintsuku ezingama-42 emva kokutyala, kwaye ixesha lokuvuna lomjikelo wokuqala welettuce yovavanyo yayizintsuku ezingama-46 emva kokutyala.Xa umjikelezo wesibini we-lettuce yokulinga uvuniwe, inani leentsuku zekholoni zeqela le-CK lalingaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-4 kunezokuqala.Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima obutsha besityalo esinye bebuyi-1.57 ngokuphindwe kabini kunomjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo (Itheyibhile 2 kunye neTheyibhile 4).Ukusebenza kokusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwakufana.Kuyabonakala ukuba njengoko iqondo lobushushu linyuka kancinci kwaye ukukhanya kwendalo kwi-greenhouse kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe (Umfanekiso 1-2), umjikelo wemveliso ye-lettuce unokufinyezwa ngokufanelekileyo.Ngoko ke, ukongeza izixhobo zokukhanya ezongezelelweyo kwi-greenhouse ebusika kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokukhanya kwelanga eliphantsi kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-lettuce, kwaye emva koko Yandisa imveliso.Kumjikelo wokuqala wovavanyo, isityalo semenyu yamagqabi esongezelela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwaba yi-0.95 kw-h, kwaye kumjikelo wesibini wovavanyo, isityalo semenyu yegqabi esongezelela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya yi-1.15 kw-h.Xa kuthelekiswa phakathi kwemijikelo emibini yovavanyo, ukusetyenziswa okulula konyango oluthathu lwePakchoi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuvavanyo lwesibini kwakungaphantsi kunoko kulingo lokuqala.Ukusebenza kokusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwe-lettuce CK kunye ne-LB amaqela onyango olukhanyisayo olongezelelweyo kumfuniselo wesibini wawungaphantsi kancinane kunolingo lokuqala.Kucingelwa ukuba esona sizathu sinokwenzeka kukuba ubushushu obuphantsi bemihla ngemihla kwisithuba seveki emva kokutyala kwenza ukuba izithole zicothe ixesha elide, kwaye nangona iqondo lobushushu liphinde laphinda kancinane ngexesha lovavanyo, uluhlu lwalulinganiselwe, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lemihla ngemihla lilonke lalisekho. kwinqanaba eliphantsi, elithintele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya ngexesha lomjikelo wokukhula uwonke we-hydroponics yemifuno enamagqabi.(Umfanekiso 1).

Ngexesha lovavanyo, ichibi lesisombululo sezondlo alizange lixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokufudumala, ukuze indawo engqongileyo yemifuno enamagqabi e-hydroponic ihlale ikwinqanaba eliphantsi lobushushu, kwaye ubushushu bemihla ngemihla bulinganiselwe, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba imifuno ingaphumeleli ekusebenziseni ngokupheleleyo. Ukukhanya okuqokelelweyo kwemihla ngemihla kunyuswe ngokwandisa isibane esongezelelweyo se-LED.Ngoko ke, xa ukongeza ukukhanya kwi-greenhouse ebusika, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukugcinwa kobushushu obufanelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okufudumala ukuqinisekisa umphumo wokongeza ukukhanya ukunyusa imveliso.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela amanyathelo afanelekileyo okugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumo wokongeza ukukhanya kunye nokunyuka kwesivuno kwi-greenhouse yasebusika.Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okongeziweyo kwe-LED kuya kwandisa iindleko zemveliso ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye imveliso yezolimo ngokwayo ayilona ishishini elinemveliso ephezulu.Ke ngoko, malunga nendlela yokuphucula isicwangciso sokukhanya esongezelelweyo kunye nokusebenzisana namanye amanyathelo kwimveliso eyiyo yemifuno enamagqabi e-hydroponic kwi-greenhouse yasebusika, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo zokukhanya ezongezelelweyo ukuphumeza imveliso esebenzayo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho. , isafuna eminye imifuniselo yemveliso.

Ababhali: Yiming Ji, Kang Liu, Xianping Zhang, Honglei Mao (Shanghai cube green Agricultural Development Co., Ltd.).
Umthombo wenqaku: ITekhnoloji yobuNjineli bezoLimo (iGreenhouse Horticulture).

IiReferensi:
[1] Jianfeng Dai, Philips horticultural isicelo LED practice kwimveliso greenhouse [J].Iteknoloji yobunjineli bezoLimo, i-2017, i-37 (13): i-28-32
[2] Xiaoling Yang, Lanfang Song, Zhengli Jin, et al.Ubume besicelo kunye neProspect of light supplement technology for ekhuselweyo iziqhamo kunye nemifuno [J].I-horticulture yaseMntla, i-2018 (17): 166-170
[3] Xiaoying Liu, Zhigang Xu, Xuelei Jiao, et al.Uphando kunye nesimo sokusetyenziswa kunye nesicwangciso sophuhliso lokukhanya kwezityalo [J].Ijenali yobunjineli bokukhanyisa, 013, 24 (4): 1-7
[4] Jing Xie, Hou Cheng Liu, Wei Song Shi, et al.Ukusetyenziswa komthombo wokukhanya kunye nokulawula umgangatho wokukhanya kwimveliso yemifuno eluhlaza [J].Imifuno yaseTshayina, i-2012 (2): 1-7


Ixesha lokuposa: May-21-2021