Umbhali: Zhang Chaooqin. Umthombo:

Ukonyuka ngokukhawuleza kwabemi kunye nenqanaba lokuphuhlisa kulindeleke ukuba babongoze kwaye bakhuthaze uphuhliso kunye nokukhula komzi mveliso weefama ezithe nkqo. Iifama ezithe nkqo zithathwa njengezithathwayo ukusombulula ezinye iingxaki zemveliso yokutya, kodwa nokuba kungenxa yemveliso yokutya, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba kusekho imingeni enyanisweni.

Ngokweengxelo ngokutya okutyayo kunye nomlondolozi, kunye nophando ngeZizwe eziManyeneyo, abantu behlabathi baya kukhula basuka kwi-73 yezigidi zabantu abangama-750, kunye noqikelelo lwe-FOO ngo-20. Dibana kwaye ukondla inani labemi ngonyaka wama-2050, ukuveliswa kokutya kuya kunyuka ngama-70% xa kuthelekiswa no-2007, kwaye ngo-2050 wokuvelisa iinkozo kufuneka kunyuke ukusuka kwiitoni ezi-2 bhiliyoni. Inyama kufuneka iphindwe kabini, ikhule kwi-470 yezigidi zeetoni.

Ukuhlengahlengisa kunye nokongeza umhlaba ongaphezulu kwimveliso yezolimo akunakuyisombulula ingxaki kwamanye amazwe. I-UK isebenzise i-72% yomhlaba wayo yemveliso yezolimo, kodwa kusafuneka ingenise ukutya. I-United Kingdom nayo izama ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokulima, ezinjengokusebenzisa imijelo yokuhlaselwa umoya ishiye iMfazwe Yehlabathi II yokutyala i-Greenhouse yeGreenhouse. Umqalisi uRichard Ballard nawo uceba ukwandisa uluhlu lokutyala ngo-2019.

Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kukwangumqobo ekuveliseni ukutya. Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ze-OEECD, malunga ne-70% yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kukiifama. Utshintsho lwemozulu lukwandisa iingxaki zemveliso. Ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini kufuna ukuba kwenziwe inkqubo yokutya ukondla abantu abakhula edolophini abakhulayo, umhlaba ombalwa kunye nemithombo yamanzi encinci. Le micimbi iqhuba uphuhliso lweefama ezithe nkqo.
Iimpawu ezisetyenziswa kancinci kweefama ezithe nkqo ziya kuzisa amathuba okuvumela imveliso yezolimo ukuba ingene esixekweni, kwaye inokuba kufutshane nabathengi basezidolophini. Umgama ukusuka kwifama ukuya kumthengi uncitshisiwe, ukunciphisa i-chain tuin, kwaye abathengi basezidolophini baya kuba nomdla ngakumbi kwimithombo yokutya kwaye ukufikelela ngokulula kwimveliso yesondlo esitsha. Kwixa elidlulileyo, kwakungekho lula kubahlali basezidolophini ukuba bafumane ukutya okutsha okusempilweni. Iifama ezithe nkqo zinokwakhiwa ngqo ekhitshini okanye kwigumbi labo lasemva. Lo ngulo myalezo ubalulekileyo odluliselwe kuphuhliso lweefama ezithe nkqo.

Ukongeza, ukwamkelwa kwemodeli yefama ethe tye kuya kuba nefuthe elibanzi kwi-chain yolondolozo lwezolimo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza ezolimo afana nezichumisi zokwenziwa, izinambuzane kunye nokubulala i-herbicides kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, imfuno yeenkqubo ze-HVAC kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ziya kwanda ukugcina ezona meko zibalaseleyo zemozulu kunye nolawulo lwamanzi. Ezolimo ezithe nkqo zisebenzisa izibane ezizodwa ze-LED zokulinganisa ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuseta indawo yangaphakathi okanye engaphandle.

Uphando kunye nophuhliso lweefama ezithe nkqo zikwabandakanya itekhnoloji echazwe ngasentla "yokubeka esweni iimeko zendalo kunye nokwenza ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye neeminerals. Itekhnoloji yezinto (iiot) iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukurekhoda idatha yokukhula kwezityalo. Ukuvunwa kwezityalo kuya kuba nokulandelwa kwaye kubekwe esweni ziikhompyuter okanye kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kwezinye iindawo.

Iifama ezithe nkqo zinokuvelisa ukutya okungaphezulu komhlaba omncinci kunye nezixhobo zamanzi, kwaye zikude nezichumisi ezinobungozi kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane. Nangona kunjalo, iishelfu ezibekiweyo kwigumbi elifuna amandla amaninzi kunezolimo. Nokuba kukho iifestile egumbini, ukukhanya okwenziwe ngokufakelwa kuyafuneka ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezithintelayo. Inkqubo yokulawula yemozulu inokubonelela ngeyona ndawo ikhula ikhula, kodwa ikwanamandla amakhulu kakhulu.

Ngokweenkcukacha-mali kwiSebe lezoLimo lase-UK, i-Lettuce ikhulile kwindawo eluhlaza, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-250 kwh (kilowatt (kilowatt (i-Kilowatt (iyure) yokutya iyafuneka kwimimandla yokutyala unyaka ngamnye. Ngokutsho kophando olufanelekileyo lwentsebenziswano yeZiko loPhando lweDlr yaseJamani, ifama ethe nkqo yendawo efanayo yokutyala ifuna ukuselwa kwamandla angama-3 500 ngonyaka. Ke, indlela yokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okwamkelekileyo kuya kuba sisihloko esibalulekileyo sophuhliso lobuchwephesha bexesha elizayo leefama ezithe nkqo.

Ukongeza, iifama ezithe nkqo nazo zineengxaki zotyalo-mali. Nje ukuba abangxowankulu bathengisa izandla, ishishini lezorhwebo liya kuphela. Umzekelo, i-paignton zoo eDevon, e-UK, yasekwa ngonyaka ka-2009. Yenye yezona ndawo ziqala nkqo nkqo. Isebenzise inkqubo ye-vertaticop yokukhulisa imifuno ye-grofy. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngenxa yokungonelanga imali elandelayo, le nkqubo ingene kwimbali. Inkampani elandelayo yayiyintonga, eyathi kamva yaba luphawu, yaza yaqala ukuseka indawo yokuhlala yendawo yokuhlala eCanada, eyaphela ekugqibeleni.