I-chen tongqiang, njl njl

I-EC elungileyo ye-EC kunye noLawulo lwe-PH ziimeko eziyimfuneko zokufezekisa isivuno esiphakamileyo sikaTomato kwimowudi yenkcubeko engenazibukroti kwilayini ye-Smart Greenhouse. Kweli nqaku, uTomato wathatyathwa njengento yokutyala, kunye ne-ECIZSPE ye-EC kunye ne-ECOSOS EC kunye ne-EC AC kunye ne-PH AMANQAKU ASETYENZISWEYO AMANQAKU EQHELEKILEYO, ukuze anikezele ngemveliso yokwenyani kwi iglasi yendala ye-green.

Ngokutsho kwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, indawo yokutyala ye-Span-Standlies Green Highthous e-China ifike kwi-630hm2, kwaye isanda. Iglasi yeglasi idibanisa indawo eyahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, ukudala imeko efanelekileyo yokukhula kokukhula kwezityalo. Ulawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo, ukunkcenkceshela okuchanekileyo kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi, ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezityalo zezona zinto ziphambili zokufumana isivuno esiphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu weetamatisi. Ngokuphathelele ukunkcenkceshela okuqinisekileyo kuxhalabile, injongo yayo kukugcina i-ECIzsphere efanelekileyo ye-EC, i-PH, imixholo yamanzi amanzi kunye ne-Rhizizosphere. I-CHIZISOSPHEROS EC kunye ne-PP yanelise ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu kunye nokufakwa kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi, nto leyo eyimfuneko ekugcineni ukukhula kwezityalo, uguquko kunye nezinye izinto zokuziphatha kwemetabolic. Ke ngoko, ukugcina imeko elungileyo yeRhizzyphe yimeko eyimfuneko yokufezekisa isivuno esiphakamileyo sezityalo.

Ukuphuma kwe-EC kunye ne-PH eRhizosphere kuya kuba nefuthe elingenakuphikwa kwibhalansi yamanzi, uphuhliso lweengcambu, ukunqongophala kweengcambu-utyalo lwe-Ion I-Tomato yokutyala kunye nemveliso kwiglasi yeglasi eyamkelekileyo. Emva kokuba amanzi kunye nesichumisi axubeneyo, ukuhanjiswa okuhlanganisiweyo kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi kuyafezekiswa kwifom yokuphosa iintolo. I-EC, i-PH, rhoqo, iFomula, isixa sexesha lokuloba kunye nokunkcenkceshela ixesha lokunkcenkceshela liza kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-EC kunye ne-PH. Kweli nqaku, i-ECIZSOS EC kunye ne-EC i-EC kunye nenqanaba ngalinye lokutyalwa kwetamato zashwankathelwa, kwaye oonobangela be-ECGOSGOAL EC kunye ne-ERMOSMPROAL EC kunye ne-PH acelwe kwaye ireferensi yemveliso yeglasi yemveli Greenhous.

I-Chizizsphere ye-EC kunye ne-PH kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okukhula kwetamatisi

I-EC ye-EC iboniswa ikakhulu kwi-ion yoxinaniso lwezinto eziphambili ezikwi-Rhizzosphere. Ifomula yokubala ye-Emfirical kukuba isixa semali ye-amion kunye neendleko zeCARE zahlulwe ngu-20, kwaye ngaphezulu kwexabiso, ngaphezulu kwe-EC. I-EC i-EC efanelekileyo ye-Rhizssphere iya kubonelela ngoxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kunye nolwalamano olufanayo lwenkqubo yenkqubo yeengcambu.

Ngokubanzi, ixabiso layo liphantsi (i-rohizosphere (2.0ms / cm). Ngenxa yengcinezelo yokudumba yeeseli zeengcambu, iya kukhokelela kwimfuno egqithisileyo yokufakelwa kwamanzi ziingcambu, kwaye isetyenziselwa amanzi asimahla esimahla kwizityalo, ukukhula kweseli-utyani-utyani-utyani lwemitya; Ixabiso layo likwicala eliphakamileyo (i-rizosphere yasebusika> 8 ~ 4ms / cm, ihlobo lasehlotyeni lasehlotyeni> 5 ~ MS / cm). Ngokwanda kwe-ECIzosphere ye-EC, umthamo wokufakelwa kwamanzi wezihlazo akonelanga, okhokelela ekunqongopheni kwamanzi kwizityalo, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, izityalo ziya kubuna (umzobo 1). Kwangelo xesha, ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamagqabi kunye neziqhamo zamanzi ziya kukhokelela ekuhlalweni komxholo wamanzi iziqhamo, oya kuchaphazela isivuno kunye nomgangatho weziqhamo. Xa i-EC i-EC inyuke ngokulinganayo ngu-0 ~ 2m / cm, inomxholo woqoqosho olunyibilikayo, uhlengahlengiso lwezityalo eziqingqiweyo, ke i-Cherry Toars Abers Ukulandela umgangatho uhlala wamkela i-EC. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba iswekile enyibilikisiweyo ye-cucturber ebiweyo yayiphezulu kakhulu kunelo yolawulo phantsi kwemeko yonkcenkceshelo lwamanzi (i-3G / i-Mgso4: Camo4 ye-2: 2: 1 yongezwa kwisisombululo sesondlo). Iimpawu ze-Dech 'I-Cheary' i-cherry ye-cherry yeyokuba igcina i-Rhizoms ephezulu ye-EC (8 ~ 10ms / cm) kulo lonke ixesha lemigangatho, kwaye isiqhamo sinomxholo weswekile ephezulu (5kg / m2).

I-Rhizosphere ph (ayinamali) ikakhulu ibhekisa kwi-PH yesisombululo seRhizosphere, esichaphazela ubukhulu becala i-Ion nganye emanzini, kwaye ichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-ion nganye ukuba ifakwe kwinkqubo yeengcambu. Uninzi lwee-ions ezininzi, uluhlu lwayo olufanelekileyo ngu-5.5 ~ 6.5, enokuqinisekisa ukuba i-II nganye inokuthathwa yinkqubo yeengcambu ngesiqhelo. Ke ngoko, ngexesha lokutyala itamato, iRhiyosphere PH kufuneka ihlale igcinwe kwi-5.5 ~ 6.5. Itheyibhile 1 ibonisa uluhlu lwe-EC kunye nolawulo lwe-EC kunye nolawulo lwe-PH kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo okukhula kweetamati ezinkulu zeziqhamo. Kwiitamatisi ezincinci zediliya, ezinjengeetamati zeCherry, i-Ec Rhizsphere kwi-0 ~ 1m / cm / cm ephezulu kunendlela efanayo.

Izizathu ezingaqhelekanga kunye nemilinganiselo yohlengahlengiso lwe-Tomato Rhizosphere Ec

I-EC ye-EC ibhekisele kwi-EE yesisombululo sesondlo esijikeleze inkqubo yeengcambu. Xa uboya be-Tomato Rock utyalwe eHolland, abalindi baya kusebenzisa amasitholo ukuze bancase isisombululo sesondlo ukusuka kuboya belitye, kwaye iziphumo zimele ngakumbi. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i-EC I-EC isondele kwi-ECIZSPHE EC, ke inqaku lesampulu lihlala lisetyenziswa njenge-EC yase-Rhizosphere e China. Umahluko wokuphawuleka kweRhizosphere yase-EC ngokubanzi iphakama emva kokuphuma kwelanga, iqala ukwehla kwaye ihlala izinzile kwincopho yokunkcenkceshela, kwaye iboniswa kumzobo 2.

Esona sizathu siphambili se-ECMt Ec Ec Ezantsi kwereyithi yokubuya, i-EC Eclet kunye nokunkcenkceshela kade. Isixa-mali sokunkcenkceshela ngosuku olunye sincinci, esibonisa ukuba inqanaba lokubuya litshizi liphantsi. Injongo yembuyekezo yolwelo kukuhlamba ngokupheleleyo, qinisekisa ukuba i-ECIRSPE ye-EC, umxholo wamanzi kunye ne-Rhizizosphere kunye nenqanaba lokubuya kwe-Rhizosphere iphantsi, kwaye inkqubo yeengcambu ifumana amanzi amaninzi kune-ions eninzi, ebonisa ngakumbi ukunyuka kwe-EC. I-ECT ephezulu ye-ECT ngqo ikhokelela kwi-EC ePhezulu. Ngokutsho komgaqo wesithupha, i-EC i-EC ngu-0.5 ~ 1.5ms / cm ngaphezulu kwe-EC ye-inlet. Ukunkcenkceshela kokugqibela kuphele kwangoko ngaloo mhla, kwaye ukukhanya kobunzulu bekusengaphezulu (300 ~ 450W / m2) emva kokunkcenkceshela. Ngenxa yokuguquka kwezityalo eziqhutywa yimitha, inkqubo yeengcambu iqhubekile nokufumana amanzi, umxholo wamanzi wehla kancinci, i-ion yanda, emva koko i-rhizosphere yanda. Xa i-EC ye-EC iphakame, ubukhulu bethale iphezulu, kwaye umswakama uphantsi, izityalo zijamelene nokunqongophala kokunqongophala kwamanzi, ezibonakaliswa kakhulu njengezinye (umzobo 1, ekunene).

I-EC esezantsi eRhizosphere ikakhulu ibangelwa kukubuyiselwa kwenqanaba eliphezulu lolwelo, ukugqitywa kade ukunkcenkceshela, kunye ne-EC ephantsi kwi-inlet ye-interlet, eya kuthi ikhulise ingxaki. Ireyithi yokubuyela kulwelo ePhakamileyo iya kukhokelela kwi-onfinity engapheliyo phakathi kwe-EC ye-inlet kunye ne-EC. Xa unkcenkceshelo uphela emva kwexesha, ngakumbi kwiintsuku ezinamafu, udityaniswe nokukhanya okuphantsi kunye nokufuma okuphakamileyo, uguquko lwezityalo lubuthathaka, kwaye umyinge wamanzi we-Manetix ungaphantsi kolo I-ion yoxinezeleko kwisisombululo, esiya kukhokelela kwi-EC esezantsi yokubuyisa. Ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lweengcambu zengcambu yeengcambu zengcambu lungaphantsi kunamanzi esisombululo sesondlo seRhizosphere, inkqubo yeengcambu ifumana amanzi amaninzi kunye nebhalansi yamanzi engalungelelani. Xa uguquko lubuthathaka, isityalo siya kukhutshwa ngendlela yokutshitshisa amanzi (umzobo 1, ukusuka), kwaye ukuba iqondo lobushushu liphezulu ebusuku, isityalo siya kukhula ilize.

Amanyathelo ohlengahlengiso xa i-Ec ye-EC engaqhelekanga: ① Xa i-EC i-EC iphezulu, i-EC Engenayo kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi kuluhlu olusengqiqweni. Ngokubanzi, i-EE engeniswayo ye-TAMATIO EZITSHIWEYO ZE-TAMAITI ZE-TAMAITI ZE-2,5 ~ 3.5ms / cm ehlotyeni kunye ne-3.5 ~ 4ms / cm ebusika. Okwesibini, ukuphucula umgangatho wokubuya kwe-fluid, ophambi kokunkcenkceshela ngokuhamba rhoqo emini, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ukubuya kolwelo kuye kwenzeka wonke umlo. Ireyithi yokubuya ye-Liqhele ihambelana ngokuchanekileyo nokuqokelelwa kwe-radiation. Ehlotyeni, xa ubunzulu bemitha kuse ngaphezulu kwe-450 w / m2 kwaye ixesha elincinci lokunkcenkceshela (i-50 ~ 100ml / i-tripper) kufuneka ibuyiswe kwenzeka ngokusisiseko. Xa ireyithi yokubuyela kulwelo iphantsi, ezona zizathu ziphambili zezona nqanaba liphezulu lokubuya komhlaba, i-EC ephantsi nasemva kwexesha. Xa ujonga ixesha lokugqibela lokunkcenkceshela, ukunkcenkceshela kokugqibela kuhlala kuphele nge-2 ~ 5h ngaphambi kokutshona kwelanga, ukuphela kweentsuku ezinamafu kwaye kulibaziseka kwiintsuku ezinamafu, kunye nehlobo. Lawula ireyithi yokubuyisa i-flule, ngokwenkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwe-radiation yangaphandle. Ngokubanzi, ireyithi yokubuya i-Liqhenqa ingaphantsi kwe-10% xa ukuqokelelwa kwe-radiation kungaphantsi kwe-500j / (CM2.D), kunye ne-10% ~ ~ 1000J / (cm2.D), njalo njalo .

Izizathu ezingaqhelekanga kunye nemilinganiselo yohlengahlengiso lwe-Tomato Rhizosphere Ph

Ngokubanzi, i-PH yempembelelo ngu-5.5 kwaye i-PH yoLeachate yi-5.5 ~ 6.5 phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Izinto ezichaphazela iRhiyosphere PH yiFomula, iZilinganiselo eziPhakathi, uMgangatho weLeachate, umgangatho wamanzi njalo njalo. Xa i-rohizosphere ph iphantsi, iya kutshisa iingcambu kwaye ichithe kakhulu i-matrix yoboya, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-MN2 +. , eyakukhokelela ekuvenisweni kokupheliswa kwenqaku, njengokunqongophala kweManganese okubangelwa yi-Rhizospher Ph, njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 4.

Ngokuphathelele umgangatho wamanzi, amanzi emvula kunye namanzi e-ro memnene acidis, kwaye i-PH yoTywala yoTywala yi-3 ~ 4, ekhokelela kwi-PH ye-pH yotywala. I-potassium hydroxide kunye ne-potassium Bicarbonate zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuhlengahlengisa i-PH yoTywala kwi-inlet. Amanzi amqumthi ahlala elawulwa yi-nitric acid kunye ne-phosphoric acid kuba iqulethe i-HCO3-yeyiphi ialkaline. I-Inlet Eletlel i-Inlermal PH iza kuyichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-PH, ngoko ke i-inlends efanelekileyo ngokusisiseko sommiselo. Ngokuphathelele indawo yokulima, emva kokutyala, i-PH yolwelo lwe-Coconucate isondele kolwahlulo olungenayo, kwaye i-PH ye-ph engenakwelo ayiyi kubangela i-rhizosphered ph ngexesha nje elifutshane ngenxa ye Ipropathi elungileyo ye-bufftic. Phantsi kwengubo yelanga yoboya, ixabiso le-pH yolwelo lwe-floult emva kokuba uColon iphezulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide.

Ngokwefomula, ngokobungakanani obahlukileyo bee-ions zenziwe zizityalo, inokwahlulwa ukuba ibe ziityiwa ze-acid ze-acid kunye ne-alkaline ye-Alkaline. Ukuthatha uNo3- njengomzekelo, xa izityalo zifumana i-1mol ye-No3-, inkqubo yeengcambu ziya kukhupha i-1mol ye-OH,, eya kuthi ikhuphe ukugxila kwe-NH4 +, kuya kukhupha uxinzelelo olufanayo H +, eya kukhokelela ekuncipheni kweRhizosphere Ph. Ke ngoko, i-nitrate yityuwa esisiseko yendawo, ngelixa ityiwa ye-ammonium yityuwa ye-acidi yomzimba. Ngokubanzi, i-potassium sulfate, i-calcium ye-calmoium ye-calmonium kunye ne-Amonium ye-Ammonium ye-Ammological Acid, i-Potassium ye-Potassium kunye ne-calcium nitratigical alkaline ye-alkaline ye-Alkaline Impembelelo yexabiso lokubuya kwe-fluzsosphere e-phhlosphere iboniswa ikakhulu ekuqhubeni isisombululo sesondlo seRhizospheler, kunye ne-rhizmor iphehle kakhulu kubangelwa yi-idas engalinganiyo eRhizosphere.

Amanyathelo ohlengahlengiso xa i-Rhizizosphery ph ingekho ngqiqweni: ① kuqala, jonga ukuba i-PH i-PH ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo; . Emva kohlalutyo, ngaba isizathu sokuba i-PH yonyuswe ngenxa ye-buffer ye-HCO3-, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba isebenzise i-nitric acid njengomlawuli xa usebenzisa amanzi amqulunqe lokunkcenkceshela; . Kule meko, i-PH yesisombululo esingenayo kufuneka incitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ibe ngu-5. 5.2 ~ I-Cosciom yetyuwa ye-calcoum kufuneka isetyenziswe endaweni ye-calcium ye-calcium yesilivere kunye ne-potassium ye-calcoum kufuneka isetyenziswe endaweni ye-potassium ye-potassium. Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba idosi ye-NH4 + ayifanelanga idlule kwi-1/10 ye-Nto itotali. Umzekelo, xa i-celtern ye-n iyonke (no3- +) kwimpembelelo ye-20MOL / L, i-NH4 + i-NH4 + i-Potassium / L, i-Potassium isetyenziswe endaweni ye-potassium ye-potassium, kodwa kufuneka iqatshelwe ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-SO4^2-Kwimpembelelo yokunkcenkceshela ayicetyiswa ukuba idlule kwi-6 ~ 8 Mmol / L; . I-acid ityuwa, ke isixa sokunkcenkceshela kufuneka sonyuswe ukuze sihlengahlengise i-Rhizosphere PH ukuya kuluhlu olufanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Isishwankathelo

Uluhlu olusengqiqweni lwe-EC kunye ne-PH yindawo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthathwa kwesiqhelo kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi nge-tomato iingcambu. Amaxabiso angaqhelekanga aya kukhokelela ekuswelekeni kwesondlo, ukungalingani kwemali eseleyo yamanzi (uxinzelelo lwendlela yokunqongophala kwamanzi / amanzi agqithisileyo), ukutsha kweengcambu Ngenxa yokulibaziseka kokuqhekeka kwesityalo okubangelwa yi-ECGOSGRAL EC kunye ne-PH, xa ingxaki yenzekile, kwaye i-PH iye yenzekile kangangeentsuku ezininzi, kwaye inkqubo yesityalo ibuyela kwisiqhelo iya kuthatha ixesha, echaphazela ngqo i Iziphumo kunye nomgangatho. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumana i-EC kunye ne-pH yolwelo olungenayo nobuyayo yonke imihla.

ISIPHELO

[Ulwazi olukhankanyiweyo] Chen Tongqiang, Xu Fen fengjiao, Ma tiemi, njl.njl. Itekhnoloji yobunjineli yezoLimo, 2022,42 (31): 17-20.