Umthombo wenqaku: Ijenali yoPhando lwezoLimo;

Umbhali: Yingying Shan, Xinmin Shan, Song Gu.

Ivatala, njengesityalo esiqhelekileyo soqoqosho, inemfuno enkulu yentengiso kunye neemfuno zomgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ukulima kwezithole kunzima kwimelon kunye ne-eggplant.Esona sizathu sikukuba: ivatala sisityalo esilula esinothando.Ukuba akukho kukhanya okwaneleyo emva kokuba izithole zevatala zophukile, ziya kukhuliswa kwaye zenze izithole eziphakamileyo, ezichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wezithole kunye nokukhula kamva.Ivatala ukusuka ekuhlwayelweni ukuya kutyalwa kwenzeka phakathi kukaDisemba waloo nyaka kunye noFebruwari wonyaka ozayo, elixesha lonyaka elinobushushu obuphantsi, ukukhanya okubuthathaka kunye nesona sifo sibi kakhulu.Ngokukodwa kumazantsi eTshayina, kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba akukho ilanga leentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwisiqingatha senyanga ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.Ukuba kukho ukuguquguquka okuqhubekayo kunye nemozulu yekhephu, kuya kubangela nenani elikhulu lezithole ezifileyo, eziya kuzisa umonakalo omkhulu kwilahleko yoqoqosho lwamafama.

Uwusebenzisa njani umthombo wokukhanya owenziweyo, umzekelo, ukukhanya okuvela kwizibane ezikhulayo ze-LED, ukufaka “isichumiso esilula” kwizityalo eziquka izithole zevatala phantsi kwemeko yokungabikho kokukhanya kwelanga, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokwandisa isivuno, ukusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho ophezulu, izifo. ukuxhathisa kunye nokungangcoliseki ngelixa kukhuthazwa ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwezityalo, ibiyeyona ndlela iphambili yophando lwenzululwazi yemveliso yezolimo iminyaka emininzi.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando luye lwafumanisa ukuba umlinganiselo owahlukileyo wokukhanya obomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nawo waba nefuthe elikhulu ekukhuleni kwezithole zezityalo.Ngokomzekelo, umphandi uTang Dawei kunye nabanye bafumanisa ukuba i-R / b = 7: 3 iyona nto ingcono kakhulu ebomvu kunye nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekukhuleni kwembewu yekhukhamba;Umphandi uGao Yi kunye nabanye babonisa kwiphepha labo ukuba i-R / b = 8: 1 umthombo wokukhanya oxubeneyo ngowona ulungelelwaniso lokukhanya olongezelelweyo lweLuffa lokukhula kwezithole.

Ngaphambili, abanye abantu bazama ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo efana nezibane ze-fluorescent kunye nezibane zesodium ukwenza iimvavanyo zezithole, kodwa umphumo wawungekho mhle.Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1990s, kuye kwakho uphando malunga nokulinywa kwezithole kusetyenziswa izibane zokukhulisa i-LED njengemithombo yokukhanya eyongezelelweyo.

Izibane ezikhulayo ze-LED zineenzuzo zokulondoloza amandla, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, ubomi benkonzo ende, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima bokukhanya, ukuveliswa kobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokusabalalisa ukukhanya okulungileyo okanye ukulawula ukudibanisa.Inokudibaniswa ngokweemfuno zokufumana ukukhanya okucocekileyo kwe-monochromatic kunye ne-spectrum edibeneyo, kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwamandla okukhanya kunokufikelela kwi-80% - 90%.Kuthathwa njengowona mthombo wokukhanya ungcono ekulimeni.

Okwangoku, kuye kwenziwa inani elikhulu lezifundo ekulinyweni kwerayisi, ikhukhamba kunye nesipinatshi kunye nomthombo ococekileyo we-LED wokukhanya e-China, kunye nenkqubela phambili yenziwe.Nangona kunjalo, kwizithole zevatala ekunzima ukukhula, itekhnoloji yangoku isahlala kwinqanaba lokukhanya kwendalo, kwaye ukukhanya kwe-LED kusetyenziswa kuphela njengomthombo wokukhanya owongezelelweyo.

Ngenxa yezi ngxaki zingasentla, eli phepha liza kuzama ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya ococekileyo ukufunda ukuba nokwenzeka kwe-watermelon yokuzalanisa izithole kunye neyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhanya kwe-flux ratio ukuphucula umgangatho wezithole zevatala ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukuze ukubonelela ngesiseko sethiyori kunye nenkxaso yedatha yokulawula ukukhanya kwezithole zevatala kwiindawo.

A.Inkqubo yovavanyo kunye neziphumo

1. Izinto zovavanyo kunye nonyango olulula

Ivatala i-ZAOJIA 8424 isetyenzisiwe kuvavanyo, kwaye i-seedling medium yayinguJinhai Jinjin 3. Indawo yovavanyo yakhethwa kumzi-mveliso we-nursery wokukhanya we-LED kwisiXeko saseQuzhou kunye nezixhobo zokukhanyisa ze-LED zisetyenziswe njengomthombo wokukhanya wovavanyo.Uvavanyo lwathatha imijikelo emi-5.Ixesha elinye lovavanyo yayizintsuku ezingama-25 ukusuka ekufunxeni kwembewu, ukuntshula ukuya ekukhuleni kwezithole.Ifotoperiod yayiziyure ezisi-8.Amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi endlwini ayengama-25 ° ukuya kuma-28 ° emini (7:00-17:00) kunye ne-15 ° ukuya kwi-18 ° ngokuhlwa (17:00-7:00).Ukufuma kwe-ambient ibe yi-60% - 80%.

Amaso e-LED abomvu naluhlaza asetyenziswa kwisibane sokukhulisa izibane ze-LED, ezinobude obubomvu be-660nm kunye ne-blue wavelength ye-450nm.Kuvavanyo, ukukhanya okubomvu nokubhlowu kunye nomlinganiselo okhanyayo we-5: 1, 6: 1 kunye ne-7:13 zisetyenziselwe ukuthelekisa.

2. Isalathisi somlinganiselo kunye nendlela

Ekupheleni komjikelo ngamnye, izithole ezi-3 ziye zakhethwa ngokungacwangciswanga kuvavanyo lomgangatho wezithole.Izalathisi zibandakanya ubunzima obomileyo nobutsha, ubude besityalo, ububanzi besiqu, inani lamagqabi, indawo ethile yamagqabi kunye nobude beengcambu.Phakathi kwabo, ukuphakama kwesityalo, ububanzi besiqu kunye nobude beengcambu kunokulinganiswa nge-vernier caliper;inombolo yegqabi kunye nenombolo yengcambu ingabalwa ngesandla;ubunzima obomileyo kunye nobutsha kunye nommandla othile weqabunga ungabalwa ngerula.

3. Uhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani

4. Iziphumo

Iziphumo zovavanyo ziboniswe kwiThebhile 1 kunye namanani 1-5.

Ukusuka kwitheyibhile 1 kunye nomfanekiso 1-5, kunokubonwa ukuba ngokunyuka komlinganiselo wokukhanya ukudlula, ubunzima obomileyo buyancipha, ukuphakama kwesityalo kuyanda (kukho into yobude obungenamsebenzi), isiqu sesityalo siya siba. incinci kwaye incinci, indawo ethile yeqabunga iyancitshiswa, kwaye ubude beengcambu bufutshane kwaye bufutshane.

B.Uhlalutyo lweziphumo kunye novavanyo

1. Xa umlinganiselo wokukhanya wokupasa uyi-5:1, ukukhula kwezithole kwevatala kokona kulungileyo.

2. Izithole eziphantsi ezikhanyiswe yi-LED ukukhula ukukhanya kunye nomlinganiselo wokukhanya oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonisa ukuba ukukhanya okuluhlaza kunempembelelo ecacileyo yokucinezela ukukhula kwesityalo, ngakumbi kwisiqu sesityalo, kwaye akukho mpembelelo icacileyo ekukhuleni kwamagqabi;ukukhanya okubomvu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo, kwaye isityalo sikhula ngokukhawuleza xa umlinganiselo wokukhanya obomvu mkhulu, kodwa ubude bawo bucacile, njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.

3. Isityalo sifuna umlinganiselo owahlukileyo wokukhanya okubomvu nokuluhlaza ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo okukhula.Ngokomzekelo, izithole zevatala zidinga ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwinqanaba lokuqala, elinokuthi lithintele ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula kwezithole;kodwa kwinqanaba lamva, lifuna ukukhanya okubomvu ngakumbi.Ukuba umlinganiselo wokukhanya oluhlaza uhlala uphezulu, izithole ziya kuba zincinci kwaye zibe mfutshane.

4. Ukukhanya kokukhanya kwe-watermelon kwisigaba sokuqala akunakuba namandla kakhulu, okuya kuchaphazela ukukhula kamva kwezithole.Eyona ndlela ingcono kukusebenzisa ukukhanya obuthathaka kwibakala lokuqala kwaye usebenzise ukukhanya okuqinileyo kamva.

5. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-LED kuya kuqinisekiswa.Kufunyaniswe ukuba xa ukukhanya kuphantsi kakhulu, ukukhula kwezithole kubuthathaka kwaye kulula ukukhula ngelize.Kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kokukhula kwezithole akunakuba ngaphantsi kwe-120wml;nangona kunjalo, ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokukhula kwezithole ezinokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu akubonakali, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunyuswa, okungekho kulungele ukusetyenziswa kwefektri elizayo.

C.Iziphumo

Iziphumo zibonise ukuba kwakunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ococekileyo we-LED ukulima izithole zevatala kwigumbi elimnyama, kwaye i-5: 1 i-flux ekhanyayo yayilungele ukukhula kwezithole zevatala ngaphezu kwe-6 okanye i-7 amaxesha.Kukho iingongoma ezintathu eziphambili ekusebenziseni iteknoloji ye-LED ekulinyweni kwamashishini kwizithole ze-watermelon

1. Umlinganiselo wokukhanya obomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubaluleke kakhulu.Ukukhula kwangaphambili kwezithole zevatala akunakukhanyiswa yi-LED ukukhula ukukhanya ngokukhanya okuluhlaza kakhulu, kungenjalo kuya kuchaphazela ukukhula kamva.

2. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekuhlukeni kweeseli kunye namalungu ezithole ze-watermelon.Ukukhanya okumandla okukhanya kwenza izithole zomelele;ukukhanya okubuthathaka kwenza ukuba izithole zikhule ilize.

3. Kwinqanaba lezithole, xa kuthelekiswa nezithole ezinokukhanya okungaphantsi kwe-120 μ mol / m2 · s, izithole ezinokukhanya okungaphezulu kwe-150 μ mol / m2 · s zikhule ngokucotha xa zifudukela kumhlaba wasefama.

Ukukhula kwezithole zevatala kwakuyeyona nto ingcono xa umlinganiselo obomvu ukuya kubhlowu wawuyi-5:1.Ngokweempembelelo ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nokukhanya okubomvu kwizityalo, eyona ndlela yokukhanya kukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umlinganiselo wokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhula kwezithole, kunye nokongeza ukukhanya okubomvu ngakumbi kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokukhula kwezithole;sebenzisa ukukhanya okubuthathaka kwinqanaba lokuqala, kwaye emva koko usebenzise ukukhanya okuqinileyo kwinqanaba lokugqibela.